日落教堂 Sunset Chapel / BNKR Arquitectura_吕维娜

化作一块石，永远屹立在这里，面朝大海，迎向夕阳，在气势夺人的暮色中与天地一道变得红彤彤。

非常感谢设计方BNKR Arquitectura将英文介绍和项目图片授权gooood发行。
Appreciation towards BNKR Arquitectura for providing the following description:

Design:
BNKR Arquitectura
Partners:
Esteban Suárez (Founding Partner) y Sebastián Suárez
Project Leaders:
Mario Gottfried, Javier González & Roberto Ampudia
Project Team:
Mario Gottfried, Rodrigo Gil, Roberto Ampudia, Javier González,
Óscar Flores, David Sánchez, Diego Eumir,
Guillermo Bastian & Adrian Aguilar
Collaborators:
Jorge Arteaga y Zaida Montañana
Structural Engineers:
Juan Felipe Heredia & José Ignacio Báez
MEP:
SEI
Lighting:
Noriega Iluminadores – Ricardo Noriega
Construction:
Factor Eficiencia – Fermin Espinosa & Francisco Villeda
Area:
120 m2
Status:
Completed February 2011
Photography:
Esteban Suárez
Location:
Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico

Our first religious commission was a wedding chapel conceived to celebrate the first day of a

couple’s new life. Our second religious commission had a diametrically opposite purpose: to mourn

the passing of loved ones. This premise was the main driving force behind the design, the two had

to be complete opposites, they were natural antagonists. While the former praised life, the latter

grieved death. Through this game of contrasts all the decisions were made: Glass vs. Concrete,

Transparency vs. Solidity, Ethereal vs. Heavy, Classical Proportions vs. Apparent Chaos, Vulnerable

vs. Indestructible, Ephemeral vs. Lasting…

The client brief was pretty simple, almost naïve: First, the chapel had to take full advantage of

the spectacular views. Second, the sun had to set exactly behind the altar cross (of course, this

is only possible twice a year at the equinoxes). And last but not least, a section with the first

phase of crypts had to be included outside and around the chapel. Metaphorically speaking, the

mausoleum would be in perfect utopian synchrony with a celestial cycle of continuous renovation.

Two elements obstructed the principal views: large trees and abundant vegetation, and a behemoth of

a boulder blocking the main sight of the sunset. In order to clear these obstructions (blowing up

the gigantic rock was absolutely out of the question for ethical, spiritual, environmental and,

yes, economical reasons) the level of the chapel had to be raised at least five meters. Since only

exotic and picturesque vegetation surrounds this virgin oasis, we strived to make the least

possible impact on the site reducing the footprint of the building to nearly half the floor area of

the upper level.

Acapulco’s hills are made up of huge granite rocks piled on top of each other. In a purely mimetic

endeavor, we worked hard to make the chapel look like “just another” colossal boulder atop the

mountain.

宗教性委托首先是希望这里作为新婚夫妇新生活开始的地方，第二，与第一完全相反，希望在这里寄托对亲人的思念。完全相反的寄托似乎成为了这个设计的主要驱动力。前者赞美生命，后者哀悼死亡。对立的要素开始碰撞：玻璃与混凝土；透明度与坚实度；虚无与沉重；古典比例与混沌外观；脆弱与坚不可摧；短暂与持久……

委托要求直白简单：首先要充分利用教堂外壮丽的景色。其次，太阳与祭坛的关系要求准确，然后最后一个要求，建筑融入场地。期望是一个与天体运动周期发生关系，乌托邦式的，完美建筑。

有两个主要的因素阻挡视线：大型的丰富的植被以及庞大的巨石。为了避开这些不利因素（搬开大石头是不可能的，从伦理，精神，环境，经济各方面原因综合考虑），教堂至少需要抬高5米。这里是一个异域风情，美景如画的处女地，建筑师努力将接地面的面积缩小，减少对场地的影响，并将建筑处理得如同场地中的石头。阿卡普尔科山由巨大的花岗岩形成，建筑里力求将教堂做成“山顶上的巨石教堂。”